When clinics calculate aligner production costs, material pricing often dominates the discussion. Resin. Sheets. Software. But Dr. Boccio highlights a deeper reality: the true cost extends far beyond materials. It includes staff time, doctor time, equipment investment, maintenance, and operational friction. When all variables are included, the cost per aligner can approach—and in many clinics even exceed—outsourced manufacturing. As Dr. Boccio notes: “When all costs are inclu